[Congressional Bills 116th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 1052 Reported in Senate (RS)]
<DOC>
Calendar No. 176
116th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 1052
[Report No. 116-74]
To authorize the Office of Fossil Energy to develop advanced separation
technologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and
minerals from coal and coal byproducts, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES
April 4, 2019
Mr. Manchin (for himself, Mrs. Capito, and Ms. Murkowski) introduced
the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee
on Energy and Natural Resources
August 16, 2019
Reported under authority of the order of the Senate of August 1, 2019,
by Ms. Murkowski, with an amendment
[Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed
in italic]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To authorize the Office of Fossil Energy to develop advanced separation
technologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and
minerals from coal and coal byproducts, and for other purposes.
Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the
United States of America in Congress assembled,
<DELETED>SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.</DELETED>
<DELETED> This Act may be cited as the ``Rare Earth Element Advanced
Coal Technologies Act''.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 2. FINDINGS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> Congress finds that--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) the United States is largely dependent on
foreign imports for the domestic supply of rare earth elements
and critical minerals in the United States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) as of the date of enactment of this Act, the
United States does not have domestic production capability for,
or a guaranteed supply chain of, rare earth elements and
critical minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (3) access to certain rare earth elements and
minerals is critical for the national security of the United
States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (4) China maintains a near monopoly of the global
supply chain of rare earth elements and critical
minerals;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (5) the successful development of commercially
viable refining methods of rare earth elements from coal
byproducts could lead to new economic development opportunities
in parts of the United States most affected by the downturn of
the coal industry;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (6) rare earth elements--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) comprise elements on the periodic
table, including--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) the lanthanides, which are
lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr),
neodymium (Nd), samarium (Sm), europium (Eu),
gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy),
holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm),
ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu);
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) transition elements, which
are scandium (Sc) and yttrium (Y);
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) can be divided into--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) light rare earth elements,
which are lanthanum (La), cerium (Ce),
praseodymium (Pr), neodymium (Nd), promethium
(Pm), and samarium (Sm); and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) heavy rare earth elements,
which are scandium (Sc), yttrium (Y),
gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), dysprosium (Dy),
holmium (Ho), erbium (Er), thulium (Tm),
ytterbium (Yb), and lutetium (Lu);
and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (7) it is in the interest of the Federal
Government--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) to guide responsible domestic
production methods of rare earth elements and minerals
to ensure industry and consumers in the United States
have access to a reliable domestic supply of valuable
rare earth elements and minerals; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B)(i) to identify the areas of highest
potential interruption in the global supply chain of
rare earth elements and minerals; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) to strengthen the position of the
United States in that supply chain by mitigating
potential interruptions through the development of
advanced separation technologies for coal and coal
byproducts.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 3. PROGRAM FOR EXTRACTION AND RECOVERY OF RARE EARTH
ELEMENTS AND MINERALS FROM COAL AND COAL
BYPRODUCTS.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy, acting through
the Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy (referred to in this Act as
the ``Secretary''), shall carry out a program under which the Secretary
shall develop advanced separation technologies for the extraction and
recovery of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal
byproducts.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized
to be appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the program described
in subsection (a) $23,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through
2027.</DELETED>
<DELETED>SEC. 4. ASSESSMENT AND REPORT.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (a) In General.--Not later than 1 year after the date of
enactment of this Act, the Secretary, in consultation with the
Secretary of Defense and the Secretary of the Interior, shall carry
out, and submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources of the
Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
Representatives--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (1) an assessment--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) identifying and ranking the rare earth
elements that--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) are most important to
consumers in the United States;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) are most jeopardized in the
global supply chain; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (iii) will have the greatest
impact to consumers in the United States in the
event of a disruption in the global supply
chain;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) evaluating the development of advanced
separation technologies for the extraction and recovery
of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal
byproducts (referred to in this subsection as the
``technologies'');</DELETED>
<DELETED> (C) identifying and evaluating the results
of the development of the technologies, including the
results with respect to the extraction and recovery of
each rare earth element;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (D) determining what the technologies are
capable of producing;</DELETED>
<DELETED> (E) evaluating the performance of the
technologies, including what the technologies--
</DELETED>
<DELETED> (i) succeed and fail at
accomplishing; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) can and cannot do cost-
effectively; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (F)(i) evaluating the market impact on
each rare earth mineral of the penetration of
commercially viable technologies; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (ii) how the penetration of commercially
viable coal-based technology will impact the global
supply chain; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (2) a report analyzing--</DELETED>
<DELETED> (A) the additional resources required for
the development of commercial-ready deployment of
technologies that are second generation and
transformational; and</DELETED>
<DELETED> (B) the market impact of processes to
treat and recover rare earth elements and minerals from
acid mine drainage from coal mines.</DELETED>
<DELETED> (b) Requirement.--In carrying out the assessment and
report under subsection (a), the Secretary shall focus on the rare
earth elements determined by the Secretary to be most critical to the
national security of the United States.</DELETED>
SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.
This Act may be cited as the ``Rare Earth Element Advanced Coal
Technologies Act''.
SEC. 2. PROGRAM FOR EXTRACTION AND RECOVERY OF RARE EARTH ELEMENTS AND
MINERALS FROM COAL AND COAL BYPRODUCTS.
(a) In General.--The Secretary of Energy, acting through the
Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy (referred to in this Act as the
``Secretary''), shall carry out a program under which the Secretary
shall develop advanced separation technologies for the extraction and
recovery of rare earth elements and minerals from coal and coal
byproducts.
(b) Authorization of Appropriations.--There is authorized to be
appropriated to the Secretary to carry out the program described in
subsection (a) $23,000,000 for each of fiscal years 2020 through 2027.
SEC. 3. REPORT.
Not later than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the
Secretary shall submit to the Committee on Energy and Natural Resources
of the Senate and the Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of
Representatives a report evaluating the development of advanced
separation technologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth
elements and minerals from coal and coal byproducts, including acid
mine drainage from coal mines.
Calendar No. 176
116th CONGRESS
1st Session
S. 1052
[Report No. 116-74]
_______________________________________________________________________
A BILL
To authorize the Office of Fossil Energy to develop advanced separation
technologies for the extraction and recovery of rare earth elements and
minerals from coal and coal byproducts, and for other purposes.
_______________________________________________________________________
August 16, 2019
Reported with an amendment
Rare Earth Element Advanced Coal Technologies Act
#1052 | S Congress #116
Policy Area: Energy
Last Action: Placed on Senate Legislative Calendar under General Orders. Calendar No. 176. (8/16/2019)
Bill Text Source: Congress.gov
Summary and Impacts
Original Text