Northeast Fisheries Heritage Protection Act of 2025

#674 | HR Congress #119

Policy Area: Energy
Subjects:

Last Action: Referred to the House Committee on Natural Resources. (1/23/2025)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Northeast Fisheries Heritage Protection Act of 2025" aims to prohibit commercial offshore wind energy development in Lobster Management Area 1 of the Gulf of Maine. The bill underscores the significance of the New England fishing industry, which has a rich historical and economic legacy, contributing substantially to local communities. The legislation highlights that Lobster Management Area 1 is a critical fishing ground for various species, including lobster, which is vital to the region's economy.

Key points of the bill include:

1. **Prohibition on Development**: It specifically prohibits the issuance of any leases, licenses, or permits for offshore wind energy projects in this designated fishing area, ensuring the protection of vital marine resources and fishing livelihoods.

2. **Environmental Review Study**: The bill mandates a comprehensive study to assess the adequacy of existing environmental review processes for offshore wind projects, considering their potential impacts on marine life, air quality, and fishing industries, among other factors.

3. **Stakeholder Consultation**: The legislation also calls for evaluating how federal agencies consult with stakeholders, ensuring local communities and interested parties are adequately included in decision-making related to offshore projects.

Overall, the bill emphasizes protecting the fishing industry and marine environment in the Gulf of Maine while addressing the growing interest in renewable energy development.

Possible Impacts

Here are three examples of how the "Northeast Fisheries Heritage Protection Act of 2025," which prohibits commercial offshore wind energy development in Lobster Management Area 1 in the Gulf of Maine, could affect people:

1. **Impact on Fishermen and Fishing Communities**: The prohibition on offshore wind energy development in Lobster Management Area 1 helps to preserve a critical fishing ground that supports thousands of fishermen and their families. By protecting this area, the act ensures the continuation of the lobster and other fisheries that are vital to the livelihoods of those who depend on fishing for their income. This legislation helps maintain the economic stability of fishing communities, preventing potential job losses that could occur if wind energy projects were to disrupt fishing activities.

2. **Environmental Considerations and Marine Life**: The act includes a provision for a study to assess the impacts of offshore wind projects on marine ecosystems, including fish populations and marine mammals. By prohibiting development in this sensitive area, the law aims to protect marine biodiversity and the overall health of the Gulf of Maine's ecosystem. This could have positive effects on local wildlife, ensuring that species such as whales and various fish remain in stable populations, which is beneficial for both conservation efforts and recreational fishing.

3. **Cultural and Historical Preservation**: The fishing industry has been a cornerstone of the New England region's history and culture for over 400 years. By preventing commercial offshore wind development in Lobster Management Area 1, the act seeks to preserve not only the economic aspects of fishing but also the cultural heritage associated with it. This legislation supports the continuation of traditional fishing practices and the preservation of cultural identities tied to the fishing industry, which are important for community cohesion and local traditions.

These examples illustrate the multifaceted implications of the legislation on economic, environmental, and cultural fronts.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 674 Introduced in House (IH)]

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119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 674

  To prohibit commercial offshore wind energy development in Lobster 
    Management Area 1 in the Gulf of Maine, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                            January 23, 2025

   Mr. Golden of Maine (for himself and Mr. Van Drew) introduced the 
    following bill; which was referred to the Committee on Natural 
                               Resources

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To prohibit commercial offshore wind energy development in Lobster 
    Management Area 1 in the Gulf of Maine, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Northeast Fisheries Heritage 
Protection Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. PROHIBITION ON COMMERCIAL OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN 
              LOBSTER MANAGEMENT AREA 1.

    (a) Findings.--Congress finds the following:
            (1) The New England fishing industry has been an integral 
        part of the history, culture, and economy of the region for 
        over 400 years.
            (2) In 2023, the New England commercial fisheries landed an 
        estimated 415,966,992 pounds of catch, valued at 
        $1,350,533,650, which supports thousands of fishermen, their 
        families, and communities that depend on these ocean resources.
            (3) The United States lobster fishery, with Maine and 
        Massachusetts producing 93 percent of the lobster harvest, is 
        one of the most valuable fisheries in the country with 
        commercial landings totaling 113,007,821 pounds valued at 
        $582,433,794.
            (4) Lobster Management Area 1 in the Gulf of Maine is a 
        critical and highly productive fishing ground for halibut, 
        tuna, flounder, redfish, black sea bass, monkfish, mackerel, 
        rock and sand crab, mussels, hardshell and softshell clams, 
        oysters, scallops, conchs, squid, and lobster.
            (5) In 2024, the Biden Administration's Bureau of Ocean 
        Energy Management announced the Final Wind Energy Area for 
        commercial offshore wind development in the Gulf of Maine, 
        which excluded all of Lobster Management Area 1.
            (6) President Trump recently issued an Executive Order 
        temporarily withdrawing from disposition for wind energy 
        leasing all areas within the outer Continental Shelf citing the 
        importance of marine life ensuring that the United States is 
        able to maintain a robust fishing industry.
            (7) The permanent protection of Lobster Management Area 
        from commercial energy leasing and development would avoid 
        conflict with the New England commercial and recreational 
        fishing industries and preserve a vital fishing ground for 
        future generations.
    (b) Prohibition on Commercial Offshore Wind Development in Lobster 
Management Area 1.--Notwithstanding section 8 of the Outer Continental 
Shelf Lands Act (43 U.S.C. 1337), no lease, license, permit, or other 
authorization may be issued for the development of commercial offshore 
wind energy in Lobster Management Area 1.
    (c) Gulf of Maine Offshore Wind Project Environmental Review 
Process Study.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 120 days after the date of 
        the enactment of this section, the Comptroller General shall 
        conduct a study to assess the sufficiency of the environmental 
        review processes of the national Marine Fisheries Service, the 
        Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, and any other relevant 
        Federal agency for offshore wind projects in the Gulf of Maine 
        in place as of the date of enactment of this section.
            (2) Contents.--The study required under paragraph (1) shall 
        include consideration of the following:
                    (A) The impacts of offshore wind projects in the 
                Gulf of Maine on--
                            (i) marine mammals, including whales;
                            (ii) finfish;
                            (iii) benthic resources;
                            (iv) the commercial and recreational 
                        fishing industries, including marine equipment 
                        retailers, onshore processors, fish markets, 
                        and other shoreside businesses;
                            (v) air quality and greenhouse gas 
                        emissions;
                            (vi) cultural, historical, and Tribal 
                        resources;
                            (vii) marine invertebrates;
                            (viii) essential fish habitat (as that term 
                        is defined in section 3 of the Magnuson-Stevens 
                        Fishery Conservation and Management Act (16 
                        U.S.C. 1802));
                            (ix) plankton abundance and distribution;
                            (x) recreation and tourism; and
                            (xi) fisheries-dependent communities.
                    (B) How each agency described in paragraph (1) 
                determines which stakeholders to consult with regard to 
                offshore wind projects in the Gulf of Maine and if a 
                timely, comprehensive comment period is provided for 
                local representatives and interested parties with 
                regard to such offshore wind projects.
    (d) Lobster Management Area 1 Defined.--In this section, the term 
``Lobster Management Area 1'' has the meaning given the term ``EEZ 
Nearshore Management Area 1'' in section 697.18 of title 50, Code of 
Federal Regulations (or a successor regulation).
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