Diego Garcia Treaty Oversight Act

#4019 | S Congress #119

Subjects:

Last Action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations. (3/5/2026)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Diego Garcia Treaty Oversight Act" is a piece of legislation that aims to enhance Congressional oversight regarding modifications to an existing agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom concerning the British Indian Ocean Territory, specifically the island of Diego Garcia.

Key provisions of the Act include:

1. **Senate Approval Requirement**: Any changes to the 1966 agreement must receive the advice and consent of the Senate before they can be enacted.

2. **Funding Restrictions**: No federal funds can be used to modify the agreement unless the Senate has approved the modification.

3. **Reporting Obligations**: Before any negotiations to alter the agreement can begin, the President is required to submit a detailed report to specific Senate committees. This report must outline the national security reasons for the proposed modification, its potential impact on U.S. control over Diego Garcia, and any risks associated with foreign claims or military presence in the area.

Overall, the Act seeks to ensure that Congress is actively involved in decisions that may affect U.S. military operations and strategic interests in the region.

Possible Impacts

The "Diego Garcia Treaty Oversight Act" could affect people in several ways, including:

1. **Military Personnel and Families**: The requirement for Senate approval before any modification to the agreement could impact military operations and deployments in Diego Garcia, which serves as a strategic military base. Changes to the agreement might affect the living conditions, support services, and overall well-being of military personnel and their families stationed there.

2. **International Relations and Diplomacy**: By mandating Senate oversight for modifications to the treaty, the legislation could affect how the U.S. engages with the United Kingdom and other nations in the region. Delays or rejections of modifications might strain diplomatic relations, potentially leading to broader geopolitical implications, which could affect citizens by impacting national security and international cooperation.

3. **Local Communities and Environmental Impact**: The legislation's emphasis on reports detailing the implications of modifications could lead to more scrutiny of activities conducted on Diego Garcia, especially concerning environmental impacts or local governance issues. If modifications to the agreement involve changes in military operations, this could affect the environment and local ecosystems, which in turn impacts any nearby communities or wildlife, even though Diego Garcia itself is sparsely populated.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 4019 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 4019

To require the advice and consent of the Senate for any modification to 
  the 1966 agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom 
 concerning the British Indian Ocean Territory, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             March 5, 2026

  Mr. Kennedy introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
             referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To require the advice and consent of the Senate for any modification to 
  the 1966 agreement between the United States and the United Kingdom 
 concerning the British Indian Ocean Territory, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Diego Garcia Treaty Oversight Act''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act:
            (1) Appropriate committees of congress.--The term 
        ``appropriate committees of Congress'' means--
                    (A) the Committee on Foreign Relations of the 
                Senate;
                    (B) the Committee on Armed Services of the Senate; 
                and
                    (C) the Committee on Appropriations of the Senate.
            (2) Covered agreement.--The term ``covered agreement'' 
        means the Exchange of notes constituting an agreement 
        concerning the availability for defense purposes of the British 
        Indian Ocean Territory, dated December 30, 1966.

SEC. 3. REQUIREMENTS RELATING TO MODIFICATION OF AGREEMENT CONCERNING 
              THE BRITISH INDIAN OCEAN TERRITORY.

    (a) In General.--Any modification to the covered agreement shall 
require the advice and consent of the Senate.
    (b) Prohibition on Use of Funds.--None of the funds authorized to 
be appropriated, appropriated, or otherwise made available for any 
Federal department or agency may be obligated or expended to modify the 
covered agreement unless the Senate has provided advice and consent for 
such modification.
    (c) Report Required.--
            (1) In general.--Before entering into any negotiation 
        regarding modification of the covered agreement, the President 
        shall submit to the appropriate committees of Congress a report 
        detailing the following:
                    (A) The national security rationale for the 
                proposed modification.
                    (B) The implications of the proposed modification 
                for United States operational control of Diego Garcia.
                    (C) Any risks posed by third-party sovereign claims 
                or foreign military presence.
            (2) Form.--The report described in paragraph (1) shall be 
        submitted in classified and unclassified form.
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