[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3981 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

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119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3981

To amend the Burma Unified through Rigorous Military Accountability Act 
 of 2022 to extend the sunset, to require a determination with respect 
  to the imposition of sanctions on certain persons of Burma, and for 
                            other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                             March 4, 2026

Mr. Van Hollen (for himself, Mr. Young, Mr. McConnell, and Mr. Merkley) 
introduced the following bill; which was read twice and referred to the 
                     Committee on Foreign Relations

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend the Burma Unified through Rigorous Military Accountability Act 
 of 2022 to extend the sunset, to require a determination with respect 
  to the imposition of sanctions on certain persons of Burma, and for 
                            other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Bringing Real Accountability Via 
Enforcement in Burma Act'' or the ``BRAVE Burma Act''.

SEC. 2. EXTENSION OF SUNSET.

    Section 5574(a) of the Burma Unified through Rigorous Military 
Accountability Act of 2022 (subtitle E of title LV of division E of the 
James M. Inhofe National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 
2023; 22 U.S.C. 10225) is amended by striking ``8 years'' and inserting 
``10 years''.

SEC. 3. MODIFICATIONS TO REPORTING REQUIREMENT.

    Section 5571(e) of the Burma Unified through Rigorous Military 
Accountability Act of 2022 (22 U.S.C. 10222(e)) is amended to read as 
follows:
    ``(e) Assessment and Report on Sanctions With Respect to Burmese 
Persons.--
            ``(1) In general.--Not later than 180 days after the date 
        of the enactment of the Bringing Real Accountability Via 
        Enforcement in Burma Act, and annually thereafter for 7 years, 
        the President shall determine whether the following persons 
        meet the criteria for sanctions described under subsection (a) 
        or under Executive Order 14014 (86 Fed. Reg. 9429; relating to 
        blocking property with respect to the situation in Burma):
                    ``(A) Any Burmese state-owned enterprise described 
                in subsection (c)(2).
                    ``(B) Myanma Economic Bank.
                    ``(C) Any foreign person that the President 
                determines operates in the jet fuel sector of the 
                Burmese economy, including through activities such as 
                the provision of financial services or the importation, 
                exportation, reexportation, sale, supply, trade, 
                storage, or transport, directly or indirectly, of jet 
                fuel in Burma.
            ``(2) Report required.--Upon making the determination 
        required by paragraph (1), the President shall submit to the 
        appropriate congressional committees a report on the 
        assessment.
            ``(3) Form of report.--The report required by paragraph (2) 
        shall be submitted in unclassified form but may include a 
        classified annex.''.

SEC. 4. LIMITATION OF SHAREHOLDING BENEFITTING THE STATE SECURITY AND 
              PEACE COMMISSION.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of the Treasury shall instruct the 
United States Executive Director at the International Monetary Fund to 
use the voice and vote of the United States, when assessing potential 
changes to any shareholding formula in connection with a governance 
review of the Fund, to limit, as appropriate, an increase to the 
shareholding of Burma if the country is subject to the rule of the 
State Security and Peace Commission or any successor governing 
authority.
    (b) Waiver.--The President of the United States may waive the 
application of subsection (a) upon certifying to the Committee on 
Financial Services of the House of Representatives and the Committee on 
Foreign Relations of the Senate that the waiver is important to the 
national interest of the United States, with a detailed explanation of 
the reasons therefor.

SEC. 5. UNITED STATES SPECIAL ENVOY FOR BURMA.

    (a) In General.--The Secretary of State shall appoint a Special 
Envoy for Burma, who shall--
            (1) have the rank and status of ambassador; and
            (2) be responsible for coordinating all aspects of United 
        States policy with respect to Burma.
    (b) Qualifications.--The Secretary--
            (1) shall appoint the Special Envoy from among recognized 
        experts in matters relating to Burma; and
            (2) may appoint a Foreign Service Officer as the Special 
        Envoy.
    (c) Central Objective.--The Special Envoy should develop a 
comprehensive strategy for the implementation of the full range of 
United States diplomatic capabilities to promote the restoration of 
peace and a civilian-led democratic government in Burma.
    (d) Duties and Responsibilities.--The Special Envoy shall also--
            (1) coordinate the sanctions policies of the United States 
        under the Burma Unified through Rigorous Military 
        Accountability Act of 2022 (22 U.S.C. 10201 et seq.) and other 
        relevant statutory authorities across relevant Federal 
        departments and agencies;
            (2) develop and implement a comprehensive international 
        effort to impose and enforce multilateral sanctions with 
        respect to Burma;
            (3) lead interagency United States Government efforts, 
        including efforts of the Chief of Mission in Burma, the 
        Ambassador to ASEAN, the Ambassador to Bangladesh, the 
        Ambassador to India, and the United States Permanent 
        Representative to the United Nations, relating to--
                    (A) identifying opportunities to coordinate with 
                and exert pressure on the governments of the People's 
                Republic of China and the Russian Federation to cease 
                or curtail support for the Burmese military;
                    (B) working with like-minded partners to impose a 
                coordinated arms embargo on the Burmese military and 
                targeted sanctions on the economic interests of the 
                Burmese military, including through the introduction 
                and adoption of a United Nations Security Council 
                resolution;
                    (C) engaging Burmese civil society, democracy 
                advocates, ethnic nationality representative groups, 
                and organizations or groups representing the resistance 
                and revolutionary movement, as well as officials 
                elected in 2020 such as the Committee Representing the 
                Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the National Unity Government, the 
                National Unity Consultative Council, the Ethnic 
                Resistance Revolutionary Organizations, and their 
                designated representatives;
                    (D) encouraging the United Nations Independent 
                Investigative Mechanism for Myanmar to incorporate 
                accountability mechanisms in relation to the atrocities 
                against Rohingya and other ethnic groups, to take 
                further steps to make its leadership and membership 
                ethnically diverse, and to incorporate measures to 
                enhance ethnic reconciliation and national unity into 
                its policy agenda;
                    (E) assisting efforts by the relevant United 
                Nations Special Procedures to secure the release of all 
                political prisoners in Burma, promote respect for human 
                rights, seek accountability, and encourage dialogue;
                    (F) working with the governments of India, 
                Bangladesh, and other countries as appropriate to 
                address challenges in Western Burma, including issues 
                related to atrocity crimes, refugees and displaced 
                persons, cross-border humanitarian assistance and 
                trade, trafficking in persons, illicit trafficking of 
                narcotics and weapons, or other transnational threats 
                to regional peace and security; and
                    (G) supporting nongovernmental organizations 
                operating in Burma and neighboring countries working to 
                restore civilian democratic rule to Burma, address the 
                urgent humanitarian needs of the people of Burma, and 
                build resilience against malign foreign influence in 
                support of the military regime;
            (4) support protection, humanitarian assistance, and 
        accountability efforts for ethnic minorities in Burma and the 
        surrounding region;
            (5) coordinate all streams of United States assistance to 
        the people of Burma until such time as the United States 
        normalizes diplomatic relations with Burma;
            (6) provide timely input for reporting on the impacts of 
        the implementation of the Burma Unified through Rigorous 
        Military Accountability Act of 2022 on the Burmese military and 
        the people of Burma; and
            (7) report to and coordinate with Congress.
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