Access to Fair Financing for Opportunity and Resilient Development Act

#3940 | S Congress #119

Subjects:

Last Action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs. (2/26/2026)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Access to Fair Financing for Opportunity and Resilient Development Act" amends the Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994, enhancing oversight and support for community development financial institutions (CDFIs). Key features of the legislation include an annual testimony requirement for the Secretary of the Treasury to ensure accountability, improvements to the CDFI Bond Guarantee Program to bolster community development funding, and enhanced capitalization assistance to improve liquidity for CDFIs. Additionally, it establishes a Native CDFI Relending Program under the Housing Act of 1949, aimed at increasing homeownership opportunities for Native communities by providing direct loans to Native CDFIs, which must match a portion of the funding. The legislation emphasizes annual reporting to Congress on the effectiveness of the programs and grants operational support and technical assistance to CDFIs, ultimately aiming to strengthen financial resources for underserved populations and distressed communities.

Possible Impacts

The "Access to Fair Financing for Opportunity and Resilient Development Act" will significantly impact various groups within underserved communities by improving access to financial resources. Here are three examples of how individuals will be affected by the legislation:

1. **Increased Access to Financial Services for Underserved Populations**: The enhanced oversight and support for community development financial institutions (CDFIs) will empower these entities to offer more loans and financial services to individuals in distressed communities. As a result, people who previously faced barriers to accessing credit will have an improved opportunity to secure financing for personal ventures, such as starting a business, buying a home, or making essential investments in their education.

2. **Homeownership Opportunities for Native Communities**: The establishment of a Native CDFI Relending Program is set to increase homeownership opportunities for members of Indian Tribes, Alaska Natives, and Native Hawaiians. By providing up to $50 million annually in direct loans to Native CDFIs, the program will enable these institutions to facilitate mortgage transactions, particularly for borrowers on priority Tribal land. This initiative aims to empower Native communities by enhancing their ability to achieve stable housing and financial independence.

3. **Strengthened Financial Stability for CDFIs**: By enhancing capitalization assistance and improving liquidity support for CDFIs, the legislation will enable these institutions to better serve their communities. With increased funding limits and a focus on organizations with proven experience in addressing financial needs, CDFIs will be more capable of providing necessary financial products and services. This will ultimately lead to a more resilient and financially stable community, benefitting individuals through increased economic opportunities and improved access to essential services.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 3940 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  2d Session
                                S. 3940

 To amend the Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions 
Act of 1994 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to testify before 
                   Congress, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                           February 26, 2026

Mr. Daines (for himself, Mr. Warner, Mr. Crapo, Ms. Smith, Mr. Rounds, 
   Mr. Kim, Mr. Risch, Mr. Schumer, Mr. Justice, Ms. Klobuchar, Mrs. 
Fischer, Mr. Booker, Mr. Wicker, Mr. Hickenlooper, Mr. Sheehy, Mr. Van 
Hollen, Mr. Sullivan, Mrs. Gillibrand, Mrs. Hyde-Smith, Mr. Coons, Mr. 
Peters, Mr. Bennet, Mrs. Britt, Mr. Wyden, Mr. Cassidy, Mr. Durbin, Ms. 
 Murkowski, Mr. Cramer, Mr. Boozman, and Mr. Heinrich) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                  Banking, Housing, and Urban Affairs

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To amend the Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions 
Act of 1994 to require the Secretary of the Treasury to testify before 
                   Congress, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Access to Fair Financing for 
Opportunity and Resilient Development Act''.

SEC. 2. REQUIREMENT TO TESTIFY.

    Section 104(b) of the Community Development Banking and Financial 
Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4703(b)) is amended by adding to 
the end the following:
            ``(5) Annual testimony.--The Secretary of the Treasury (or 
        a designee of the Secretary) shall, at the discretion of the 
        chairman of the Committee on Banking, Housing, and Urban 
        Affairs of the Senate and chairman of the Committee on 
        Financial Services of the House of Representatives, annually 
        testify before such committees (or a subcommittee of such 
        committees) regarding the operations of the Fund during the 
        previous fiscal year.''.

SEC. 3. CDFI BOND GUARANTEE PROGRAM IMPROVEMENT.

    (a) Sense of Congress.--It is the sense of Congress that the 
authority to guarantee bonds under section 114A of the Community 
Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 
4713a) (commonly referred to as the ``CDFI Bond Guarantee Program'') 
provides community development financial institutions with a 
sustainable source of long-term capital and furthers the mission of the 
Community Development Financial Institutions Fund (established under 
section 104(a) of such Act (12 U.S.C. 4703(a))) to increase economic 
opportunity and promote community development investments for 
underserved populations and distressed communities in the United 
States.
    (b) Guarantees for Bonds and Notes Issued for Community or Economic 
Development Purposes.--
            (1) In general.--Section 114A of the Community Development 
        Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 
        4713a) is amended--
                    (A) in subsection (c)(2)--
                            (i) by inserting ``outstanding'' before 
                        ``principal amount''; and
                            (ii) by striking ``multiplied by an amount 
                        equal to the outstanding principal balance of 
                        issued notes or bonds,'';
                    (B) by amending subsection (e)(2) to read as 
                follows:
            ``(2) Limitation on guarantee amount.--The Secretary may 
        not guarantee any amount under the program equal to less than 
        $25,000,000, but the total of all such guarantees in any fiscal 
        year may not exceed $1,000,000,000.''; and
                    (C) in subsection (k), by striking ``September 30, 
                2014'' and inserting ``the date that is the later of 4 
                years after the date of enactment of the Access to Fair 
                Financing for Opportunity and Resilient Development Act 
                or December 31, 2030.''.
            (2) Clerical amendment.--The table of contents in section 
        1(b) of the Riegle Community Development and Regulatory 
        Improvement Act of 1994 (Public Law 103-325; 108 Stat. 2160) is 
        amended by inserting after the item relating to section 114 the 
        following:

``Sec. 114A. Guarantees for bonds and notes issued for community or 
                            economic development purposes.''.
    (c) Report on the CDFI Bond Guarantee Program.--Not later than 3 
years after the date of enactment of this Act, the Secretary of the 
Treasury shall issue a report to the Committee on Banking, Housing, and 
Urban Affairs of the Senate and the Committee on Financial Services of 
the House of Representatives on the effectiveness of the CDFI bond 
guarantee program established under section 114A of the Community 
Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 
4713a).

SEC. 4. CAPITALIZATION ASSISTANCE TO ENHANCE LIQUIDITY.

    (a) In General.--Section 113 of the Community Development Banking 
and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4712) is amended--
            (1) by striking subsection (a) and inserting the following:
    ``(a) Assistance.--
            ``(1) In general.--The Fund may provide funds to 
        organizations for the purpose of--
                    ``(A) purchasing loans that are originated by 
                community development financial institutions, loan 
                participations, or interests therein from community 
                development financial institutions;
                    ``(B) providing guarantees, loan loss reserves, or 
                other forms of credit enhancement to promote liquidity 
                for community development financial institutions; and
                    ``(C) otherwise enhancing the liquidity of 
                community development financial institutions.
            ``(2) Construction of federal government funds.--For 
        purposes of this subsection, notwithstanding section 105(a)(9) 
        of the Housing and Community Development Act of 1974 (42 U.S.C. 
        5305(a)(9)), funds provided pursuant to such Act shall be 
        considered to be Federal Government funds.'';
            (2) by striking subsection (b) and inserting the following:
    ``(b) Selection.--
            ``(1) In general.--The selection of organizations to 
        receive assistance and the amount of assistance to be provided 
        to any organization under this section shall be at the 
        discretion of the Fund and in accordance with criteria 
        established by the Fund.
            ``(2) Eligibility.--Organizations eligible to receive 
        assistance under this section--
                    ``(A) shall have a primary purpose of promoting 
                community development; and
                    ``(B) are not required to be community development 
                financial institutions.
            ``(3) Prioritization.--For the purpose of making an award 
        of funds under this section, the Fund shall prioritize the 
        selection of organizations that--
                    ``(A) demonstrate relevant experience or an ability 
                to carry out the activities under this section, 
                including experience leading or participating in loan 
                purchase structures or purchasing or participating in 
                the purchase of, assigning, or otherwise transferring, 
                assets from community development financial 
                institutions;
                    ``(B) demonstrate the capacity to increase the 
                number or dollar volume of loan originations or expand 
                the products or services of community development 
                financial institutions, including by leveraging the 
                award with private capital; and
                    ``(C) will use the funds to support community 
                development financial institutions that represent broad 
                geographic coverage or that serve borrowers that have 
                experienced significant unmet capital or financial 
                services needs.'';
            (3) in subsection (c), in the first sentence--
                    (A) by striking ``$5,000,000'' and inserting 
                ``$20,000,000''; and
                    (B) by striking ``during any 3-year period''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(g) Regulations.--The Secretary may promulgate such regulations 
as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the authorities or 
purposes of this section.''.
    (b) Emergency Capital Investment Funds.--Section 104A of the 
Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 
(12 U.S.C. 4703a) is amended by striking subsection (l) and inserting 
the following:
    ``(l) Deposit of Funds.--All funds received by the Secretary in 
connection with purchases made pursuant this section, including 
interest payments, dividend payments, and proceeds from the sale of any 
financial instrument, shall be deposited into the Fund and used--
            ``(1) to provide financial assistance to organizations 
        pursuant to section 113; and
            ``(2) to provide financial and technical assistance 
        pursuant to section 108, except that subsection (e) of that 
        section shall be waived.''.
    (c) Annual Reports.--
            (1) Definitions.--In this subsection, the terms ``community 
        development financial institution'' and ``Fund'' have the 
        meanings given the terms in section 103 of the Community 
        Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 1994 (12 
        U.S.C. 4702).
            (2) Requirements.--Not later than 1 year after the date on 
        which assistance is first provided under section 113 of the 
        Community Development Banking and Financial Institutions Act of 
        1994 (12 U.S.C. 4712) pursuant to the amendments made by 
        subsection (a) of this section, and annually thereafter, the 
        Secretary of the Treasury shall submit to Congress a written 
        report describing the use of the Fund for the 1-year period 
        preceding the submission of the report for the purposes 
        described in subsection (a)(1) of such section 113, as amended 
        by subsection (a) of this section, which shall include, with 
        respect to the period covered by the report--
                    (A) the total amount of--
                            (i) loans, loan participations, and 
                        interests therein purchased from community 
                        development financial institutions;
                            (ii) loans that support affordable housing 
                        construction; and
                            (iii) guarantees, loan loss reserves, and 
                        other forms of credit enhancement provided to 
                        community development financial institutions;
                    (B) the effect of the purchases and guarantees made 
                by the Fund on the overall competitiveness of community 
                development financial institutions; and
                    (C) the impact of the purchases and guarantees made 
                by the Fund on the liquidity of community development 
                financial institutions.

SEC. 5. NATIVE CDFI RELENDING PROGRAM.

    Section 502 of the Housing Act of 1949 (42 U.S.C. 1472) is amended 
by adding at the end the following:
    ``(j) Set Aside for Native Community Development Financial 
Institutions.--
            ``(1) Definitions.--In this subsection--
                    ``(A) the term `Alaska Native' has the meaning 
                given the term `Native' in section 3(b) of the Alaska 
                Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 1602(b));
                    ``(B) the term `appropriate congressional 
                committees' means--
                            ``(i) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        Senate;
                            ``(ii) the Committee on Indian Affairs of 
                        the Senate;
                            ``(iii) the Committee on Banking, Housing, 
                        and Urban Affairs of the Senate;
                            ``(iv) the Committee on Agriculture of the 
                        House of Representatives;
                            ``(v) the Committee on Natural Resources of 
                        the House of Representatives; and
                            ``(vi) the Committee on Financial Services 
                        of the House of Representatives;
                    ``(C) the term `community development financial 
                institution' has the meaning given the term in section 
                103 of the Community Development Banking and Financial 
                Institutions Act of 1994 (12 U.S.C. 4702);
                    ``(D) the term `Indian Tribe' has the meaning given 
                the term `Indian tribe' in section 4 of the Native 
                American Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act 
                of 1996 (25 U.S.C. 4103);
                    ``(E) the term `Native community development 
                financial institution' means an entity--
                            ``(i) that has been certified as a 
                        community development financial institution by 
                        the Secretary of the Treasury;
                            ``(ii) that is not less than 51 percent 
                        owned or controlled by members of Indian 
                        Tribes, Alaska Native communities, or Native 
                        Hawaiian communities; and
                            ``(iii) for which not less than 51 percent 
                        of the activities of the entity serve Indian 
                        Tribes, Alaska Native communities, or Native 
                        Hawaiian communities;
                    ``(F) the term `Native Hawaiian' has the meaning 
                given the term in section 801 of the Native American 
                Housing Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 
                (25 U.S.C. 4221); and
                    ``(G) the term `priority Tribal land' means--
                            ``(i) any land located within the 
                        boundaries of--
                                    ``(I) an Indian reservation, 
                                pueblo, or rancheria; or
                                    ``(II) a former reservation within 
                                Oklahoma;
                            ``(ii) any land not located within the 
                        boundaries of an Indian reservation, pueblo, or 
                        rancheria, the title to which is held--
                                    ``(I) in trust by the United States 
                                for the benefit of an Indian Tribe or 
                                an individual Indian;
                                    ``(II) by an Indian Tribe or an 
                                individual Indian, subject to 
                                restriction against alienation under 
                                laws of the United States; or
                                    ``(III) by a dependent Indian 
                                community;
                            ``(iii) any land located within a region 
                        established pursuant to section 7(a) of the 
                        Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act (43 U.S.C. 
                        1606(a));
                            ``(iv) Hawaiian Home Lands, as defined in 
                        section 801 of the Native American Housing 
                        Assistance and Self-Determination Act of 1996 
                        (25 U.S.C. 4221); or
                            ``(v) those areas or communities designated 
                        by the Assistant Secretary of Indian Affairs of 
                        the Department of the Interior that are near, 
                        adjacent, or contiguous to reservations where 
                        financial assistance and social service 
                        programs are provided to Indians because of 
                        their status as Indians.
            ``(2) Purpose.--The purpose of this subsection is to--
                    ``(A) increase homeownership opportunities for 
                Indian Tribes, Alaska Native Communities, and Native 
                Hawaiian communities in rural areas; and
                    ``(B) provide capital to Native community 
                development financial institutions to increase the 
                number of mortgage transactions carried out by those 
                institutions.
            ``(3) Set aside for native cdfis.--Of amounts appropriated 
        to make direct loans under this section for each fiscal year, 
        the Secretary may use not more than $50,000,000 to make direct 
        loans to Native community development financial institutions in 
        accordance with this subsection.
            ``(4) Application requirements.--A Native community 
        development financial institution desiring a loan under this 
        subsection shall demonstrate that the institution--
                    ``(A) can provide the non-Federal cost share 
                required under paragraph (6); and
                    ``(B) is able to originate and service loans for 
                single family homes.
            ``(5) Lending requirements.--A Native community development 
        financial institution that receives a loan pursuant to this 
        subsection shall--
                    ``(A) use those amounts to make loans to 
                borrowers--
                            ``(i) who otherwise meet the requirements 
                        for a loan under this section; and
                            ``(ii) who--
                                    ``(I) are members of an Indian 
                                Tribe, an Alaska Native community, or a 
                                Native Hawaiian community; or
                                    ``(II) maintain a household in 
                                which not less than 1 member is a 
                                member of an Indian Tribe, an Alaska 
                                Native community, or a Native Hawaiian 
                                community; and
                    ``(B) in making loans under subparagraph (A), give 
                priority to borrowers described in that subparagraph 
                who are residing on priority Tribal land.
            ``(6) Non-federal cost share.--
                    ``(A) In general.--A Native community development 
                financial institution that receives a loan under this 
                section shall be required to match not less than 20 
                percent of the amount received.
                    ``(B) Waiver.--In the case of a loan for which 
                amounts are used to make loans to borrowers described 
                in paragraph (5)(B), the Secretary shall waive the non-
                Federal cost share requirement described in 
                subparagraph (A) with respect to those loan amounts.
            ``(7) Reporting.--
                    ``(A) Annual report by native cdfis.--Each Native 
                community development financial institution that 
                receives a loan pursuant to this subsection shall 
                submit an annual report to the Secretary on the lending 
                activities of the institution using the loan amounts, 
                which shall include--
                            ``(i) a description of the outreach efforts 
                        of the institution in local communities to 
                        identify eligible borrowers;
                            ``(ii) a description of how the institution 
                        leveraged additional capital to reach 
                        prospective borrowers;
                            ``(iii) the number of loan applications 
                        received, approved, and deployed;
                            ``(iv) the average loan amount;
                            ``(v) the number of finalized loans that 
                        were made on Tribal trust lands and not on 
                        Tribal trust lands; and
                            ``(vi) the number of finalized loans that 
                        were made on priority Tribal land and not 
                        priority Tribal land.
                    ``(B) Annual report to congress.--Not later than 1 
                year after the date of enactment of this subsection, 
                and every year thereafter, the Secretary shall submit 
                to the appropriate congressional communities a report 
                that includes--
                            ``(i) a list of loans made to Native 
                        community development financial institutions 
                        pursuant to this subsection, including the name 
                        of the institution and the loan amount;
                            ``(ii) the percentage of loans made under 
                        this section to members of Indian Tribes, 
                        Alaska Native communities, and Native Hawaiian 
                        communities, respectively, including a 
                        breakdown of loans made to households residing 
                        on and not on Tribal trust lands; and
                            ``(iii) the average loan amount made by 
                        Native community development financial 
                        institutions pursuant to this subsection.
                    ``(C) Evaluation of program.--Not later than 3 
                years after the date of enactment of this subsection, 
                the Secretary and the Secretary of the Treasury shall 
                conduct an evaluation of and submit to the appropriate 
                congressional committees a report on the program under 
                this subsection, which shall--
                            ``(i) evaluate the effectiveness of the 
                        program, including an evaluation of the demand 
                        for loans under the program; and
                            ``(ii) include recommendations relating to 
                        the program, including whether--
                                    ``(I) the program should be 
                                expanded to such that all community 
                                development financial institutions may 
                                make loans under the program to the 
                                borrowers described in paragraph (5); 
                                and
                                    ``(II) the set aside amount 
                                paragraph (3) should be modified in 
                                order to match demand under the 
                                program.
            ``(8) Grants for operational support.--
                    ``(A) In general.--The Secretary shall make grants 
                to Native community development financial institutions 
                that receive a loan under this section to provide 
                operational support and other related services to those 
                institutions, subject to--
                            ``(i) the satisfactory performance, as 
                        determined by the Secretary, of a Native 
                        community development financial institution in 
                        carrying out this section; and
                            ``(ii) the availability of funding.
                    ``(B) Amount.--A Native community development 
                financial institution that receives a loan under this 
                section shall be eligible to receive a grant described 
                in subparagraph (A) in an amount equal to 20 percent of 
                the direct loan amount received by the Native community 
                development financial institution under the program 
                under this section as of the date on which the direct 
                loan is awarded.
            ``(9) Outreach and technical assistance.--There is 
        authorized to be appropriated to the Secretary $1,000,000 for 
        each of fiscal years 2025, 2026, and 2027--
                    ``(A) to provide technical assistance to Native 
                community development financial institutions--
                            ``(i) relating to homeownership and other 
                        housing-related assistance provided by the 
                        Secretary; and
                            ``(ii) to assist those institutions to 
                        perform outreach to eligible homebuyers 
                        relating to the loan program under this 
                        section; or
                    ``(B) to provide funding to a national organization 
                representing Native American housing interests to 
                perform outreach and provide technical assistance as 
                described in clauses (i) and (ii), respectively, of 
                subparagraph (A).
            ``(10) Administrative costs.--In addition to other 
        available funds, the Secretary may use not more than 3 percent 
        of the amounts made available to carry out this subsection for 
        administration of the programs established under this 
        subsection.''.
                                 <all>