Birthright Citizenship Act of 2025

#304 | S Congress #119

Policy Area: Immigration
Subjects:

Last Action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (1/29/2025)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Birthright Citizenship Act of 2025" seeks to amend Section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to clarify which individuals born in the United States are considered nationals and citizens at birth. The key provisions include:

1. **Clarification of Citizenship**: The bill specifies that a person born in the U.S. is considered "subject to the jurisdiction" of the United States and thus a citizen at birth if at least one parent is either a U.S. citizen, a lawful permanent resident residing in the U.S., or an alien in lawful status serving in the armed forces.

2. **Preservation of Existing Status**: The legislation explicitly states that it does not affect the citizenship status of individuals born prior to its enactment, ensuring that existing citizenship rights are retained.

Overall, the bill aims to define and limit the criteria for birthright citizenship in the U.S., aligning it with specific parental statuses.

Possible Impacts

The proposed "Birthright Citizenship Act of 2025" could affect people in several ways, including the following examples:

1. **Clarification of Citizenship Status**: The legislation explicitly defines which individuals born in the United States are considered citizens at birth. This could lead to greater clarity and consistency in citizenship determinations, particularly for children born to parents who are lawful permanent residents or active-duty military members. It may provide legal certainty for many families regarding their children's citizenship status, potentially reducing the number of legal disputes or uncertainties surrounding birthright citizenship.

2. **Impact on Families of Non-Citizens**: The legislation specifies that children born to parents who are not U.S. citizens or do not have lawful status will not automatically receive citizenship. This change could have significant implications for families where one or both parents are undocumented immigrants or do not meet the specified criteria. Children born to these parents may face challenges regarding their legal status, access to education, healthcare, and other social services, which could impact their integration into society.

3. **Military Families**: The inclusion of "alien in lawful status performing active service in the armed forces" as a qualifying condition for birthright citizenship means that children born to foreign-born military personnel will receive citizenship at birth. This provision could strengthen the sense of security and belonging for military families, acknowledging their service and ensuring that their children are recognized as citizens, which may have implications for family stability and access to benefits related to military service.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 304 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                 S. 304

To amend section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to clarify 
    those classes of individuals born in the United States who are 
         nationals and citizens of the United States at birth.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                            January 29, 2025

   Mr. Graham (for himself, Mr. Cruz, and Mrs. Britt) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                             the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
To amend section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to clarify 
    those classes of individuals born in the United States who are 
         nationals and citizens of the United States at birth.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Birthright Citizenship Act of 
2025''.

SEC. 2. CITIZENSHIP AT BIRTH FOR CERTAIN PERSONS BORN IN THE UNITED 
              STATES.

    (a) In General.--Section 301 of the Immigration and Nationality Act 
(8 U.S.C. 1401) is amended--
            (1) by inserting ``(a) In General.--'' before ``The 
        following'';
            (2) by redesignating subsections (a) through (h) as 
        paragraphs (1) through (8), respectively; and
            (3) by adding at the end the following:
    ``(b) Definition.--Acknowledging the right of birthright 
citizenship established by section 1 of the 14th amendment to the 
Constitution, a person born in the United States shall be considered 
`subject to the jurisdiction' of the United States for purposes of 
subsection (a)(1) if the person is born in the United States of 
parents, one of whom is--
            ``(1) a citizen or national of the United States;
            ``(2) an alien lawfully admitted for permanent residence in 
        the United States whose residence is in the United States; or
            ``(3) an alien in lawful status performing active service 
        in the armed forces (as defined in section 101 of title 10, 
        United States Code).''.
    (b) Applicability.--The amendment made by subsection (a)(3) shall 
not be construed to affect the citizenship or nationality status of any 
person born before the date of the enactment of this Act.
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