Strengthening Protections for Domestic Violence and Stalking Survivors Act of 2025

#2196 | S Congress #119

Subjects:

Last Action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (6/26/2025)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Strengthening Protections for Domestic Violence and Stalking Survivors Act of 2025" aims to enhance legal protections for individuals affected by intimate partner violence and stalking. Key provisions include:

1. **Definition Expansion**: The bill broadens the legal definition of "intimate partner" to encompass current and former dating partners, ensuring that individuals in dating relationships are afforded the same protections as spouses under domestic violence laws.

2. **Inclusion of Children**: It stipulates that the definition of "misdemeanor crime of domestic violence" will also apply to incidents involving the children of dating partners, thereby recognizing the impact of domestic violence on family dynamics.

3. **Stalking Offenses**: The legislation introduces a formal definition for "misdemeanor crime of stalking," which includes harassment or intimidation that instills fear or causes emotional distress to the victim or their close associates, including pets.

4. **Prohibitions on Firearm Access**: Individuals convicted of misdemeanor stalking are prohibited from purchasing or possessing firearms, enhancing safety measures for victims.

Overall, the bill seeks to strengthen legal frameworks around domestic violence and stalking, providing more comprehensive protections and recognizing the complexities of modern relationships.

Possible Impacts

Here are three examples of how the "Strengthening Protections for Domestic Violence and Stalking Survivors Act of 2025" could affect people:

1. **Expanded Legal Protections for Dating Partners**: By including individuals in current or former dating relationships under the definition of "intimate partner," the legislation provides greater legal protections for those who experience intimate partner violence. This means that individuals who may have previously been excluded from protections (because their relationship was not legally recognized as a marriage or cohabitation) can now seek legal recourse and support, such as restraining orders or access to domestic violence shelters.

2. **Increased Accountability for Misdemeanor Crimes of Stalking**: The bill introduces a clearer definition of "misdemeanor crime of stalking," which includes actions that cause emotional distress or fear of harm to the victim or their loved ones. This change can lead to more perpetrators being held accountable for their actions, as victims will have a better framework through which to report and prosecute stalking incidents. It may also encourage more victims to come forward, knowing that the law specifically recognizes their experiences.

3. **Impact on Firearm Possession for Perpetrators**: The legislation establishes new prohibitions on firearm possession for individuals convicted of misdemeanor stalking. This could reduce the risk of further violence by limiting access to firearms for those who have demonstrated a pattern of harassing or threatening behavior. As a result, communities may see a decline in gun-related incidents involving stalking victims, contributing to overall public safety and the well-being of survivors.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2196 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2196

 To amend title 18, United States Code, to define intimate partner to 
 include someone with whom there is or was a dating relationship, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                June 26 (legislative day, June 24), 2025

 Ms. Klobuchar (for herself, Mr. Blumenthal, Mr. Kaine, Mr. Welch, Mr. 
    Durbin, Mr. Sanders, Mr. Markey, and Ms. Hirono) introduced the 
 following bill; which was read twice and referred to the Committee on 
                             the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
 To amend title 18, United States Code, to define intimate partner to 
 include someone with whom there is or was a dating relationship, and 
                          for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Strengthening Protections for 
Domestic Violence and Stalking Survivors Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. ADDRESSING INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE.

    (a) Inclusion of Current and Former Dating Partners in Definition 
of ``Intimate Partner''.--Section 921(a) of title 18, United States 
Code, is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (32)--
                    (A) by striking ``and an individual'' and inserting 
                ``an individual''; and
                    (B) by inserting before the period at the end the 
                following: ``, an individual who is or was in a dating 
                relationship with the person, or any other individual 
                similarly situated to a spouse, including an individual 
                who is protected by the domestic or family violence 
                laws of the State or Tribal jurisdiction in which the 
                abuse occurred or the victim resides'';
            (2) by striking paragraph (37)(A) and inserting the 
        following:
    ``(37)(A) The term `dating relationship' means a relationship 
between individuals who have or have had, or in the case of a 
misdemeanor crime of domestic violence have or have recently had, a 
continuing serious relationship of a romantic or intimate nature.''; 
and
            (3) in paragraph (37)(C), by striking ``dating 
        relationship'' and inserting ``continuing serious 
        relationship''.
    (b) Inclusion of Dating Partners' Children in Definition of 
``Misdemeanor Crime of Domestic Violence''.--Section 921(a)(33)(A)(ii) 
of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) by striking ``victim, or by a person'' and inserting 
        ``victim, by a person''; and
            (2) by inserting ``, or by a person who has a current or 
        recent former dating relationship with the parent, guardian, or 
        person similarly situated to a parent or guardian of the 
        victim'' before the period at the end.
    (c) New Prohibitor for Misdemeanor Crimes of Stalking.--Chapter 44 
of title 18, United States Code, is amended--
            (1) in section 921(a), by adding at the end the following:
    ``(39)(A) Except as provided in subparagraphs (B) and (C), the term 
`misdemeanor crime of stalking' means an offense that--
            ``(i) is a misdemeanor under Federal, State, Tribal, or 
        local law; and
            ``(ii) has as an element a course of harassment, 
        intimidation, or surveillance that--
                    ``(I) places a person in reasonable fear of actual 
                harm to the health or safety of--
                            ``(aa) that person;
                            ``(bb) an immediate family member (as 
                        defined in section 115) of that person;
                            ``(cc) an individual who shares or has 
                        shared a residence with that person, without 
                        regard to whether the individual is related to 
                        that person;
                            ``(dd) an intimate partner of that person; 
                        or
                            ``(ee) the pet, service animal, or 
                        emotional support animal (as those terms are 
                        defined in section 2266) of that person; or
                    ``(II) causes, attempts to cause, or would 
                reasonably be expected to cause emotional distress to a 
                person described in item (aa), (bb), (cc), or (dd) of 
                subclause (I).
    ``(B) A person shall not be considered to have been convicted of 
such an offense for purposes of this chapter, unless--
            ``(i) the person was represented by counsel in the case, or 
        knowingly and intelligently waived the right to counsel in the 
        case; and
            ``(ii) in the case of a prosecution for an offense 
        described in this paragraph for which a person was entitled to 
        a jury trial in the jurisdiction in which the case was tried, 
        either--
                    ``(I) the case was tried by a jury; or
                    ``(II) the person knowingly and intelligently 
                waived the right to have the case tried by a jury, by 
                guilty plea or otherwise.
    ``(C) A person shall not be considered to have been convicted of 
such an offense for purposes of this chapter if the conviction has been 
expunged or set aside, or is an offense for which the person has been 
pardoned or has had civil rights restored (if the law of the applicable 
jurisdiction provides for the loss of civil rights under such an 
offense) unless the pardon, expungement, or restoration of civil rights 
expressly provides that the person may not ship, transport, possess, or 
receive firearms.''; and
            (2) in section 922--
                    (A) in subsection (d)--
                            (i) by redesignating paragraphs (10) and 
                        (11) as paragraphs (11) and (12), respectively;
                            (ii) by inserting after paragraph (9) the 
                        following:
            ``(10) has been convicted in any court of a misdemeanor 
        crime of stalking;''; and
                            (iii) in paragraph (12), as so 
                        redesignated, by striking ``(10)'' and 
                        inserting ``(11)''; and
                    (B) in subsection (g)--
                            (i) in paragraph (8), by striking ``or'' at 
                        the end;
                            (ii) in paragraph (9), by striking the 
                        comma at the end and inserting ``; or''; and
                            (iii) by inserting after paragraph (9) the 
                        following:
            ``(10) has been convicted in any court of a misdemeanor 
        crime of stalking,''.
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