Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act of 2025

#2190 | S Congress #119

Last Action: Read twice and referred to the Committee on the Judiciary. (6/26/2025)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act of 2025" is a proposed legislation aimed at reforming how courts determine damages in civil cases, specifically by prohibiting the consideration of a plaintiff's race, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation when calculating projected future earnings. The primary objectives of the bill include:

1. **Prohibition on Discriminatory Calculations**: Courts are barred from using any earnings calculations that factor in an individual's race, ethnicity, gender, or perceived sexual orientation, ensuring that all plaintiffs are treated equally regardless of these characteristics.

2. **Development of Inclusive Earnings Tables**: The Secretary of Labor is mandated to create guidelines for developing future earnings tables that are free from bias, which will aid forensic economists in making unbiased assessments of earning potentials.

3. **Study and Reporting Requirements**: The legislation requires the Judicial Conference of the United States to conduct a study on damages awarded for personal injury cases, analyzing data by case type and protected class. This study aims to provide insights into potential biases in current damage awards.

4. **Training for Judges**: The Federal Judicial Center is tasked with conducting training for federal judges to ensure they understand and can effectively implement the new guidelines established by the Act.

Overall, the bill seeks to promote fairness in civil damages calculations and reduce the impact of discrimination based on race, gender, or sexual orientation in the judicial system.

Possible Impacts

Here are three examples of how the "Fair Calculations in Civil Damages Act of 2025" could affect people:

1. **Impact on Damages in Discrimination Cases**: Individuals who bring lawsuits for discrimination based on race, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation may find that the potential compensation they could receive through damages is limited. Since the legislation prohibits courts from considering these factors in calculating future earnings potential, plaintiffs may receive lower damage awards, which could impact their ability to recover fully from discrimination-related harms.

2. **Creation of Inclusive Economic Tools**: The Act mandates the development of inclusive future earnings tables that do not factor in race, ethnicity, gender, or sexual orientation. This could lead to the creation of more standardized and equitable economic tools used in legal proceedings, potentially benefiting individuals from historically marginalized groups by ensuring that their compensation is based solely on objective data and not on biased assumptions.

3. **Judicial Training and Awareness**: The Act requires training for federal judges on its implementation, which could lead to a shift in how judges approach cases involving discrimination. This training may help judges become more aware of implicit biases and ensure fairer treatment of plaintiffs. Over time, this could foster a more equitable legal environment where individuals feel confident that their cases will be evaluated based on merit rather than prejudice, ultimately contributing to a more just legal system.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[S. 2190 Introduced in Senate (IS)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                S. 2190

  To prohibit a court from awarding damages based on race, ethnicity, 
   gender, or actual or perceived sexual orientation, and for other 
                               purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                   IN THE SENATE OF THE UNITED STATES

                June 26 (legislative day, June 24), 2025

  Mr. Booker introduced the following bill; which was read twice and 
               referred to the Committee on the Judiciary

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
  To prohibit a court from awarding damages based on race, ethnicity, 
   gender, or actual or perceived sexual orientation, and for other 
                               purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Fair Calculations in Civil Damages 
Act of 2025''.

SEC. 2. DEFINITIONS.

    In this Act--
            (1) the term ``future earnings table'' includes any table 
        or compilation of economic data used to determine, taking into 
        account the median earnings in a geographic region--
                    (A) how many years an individual would have worked 
                in the future; or
                    (B) the average wage an individual would have 
                earned in the future; and
            (2) the term ``protected class'' means a group of 
        individuals sharing a common characteristic or identity who are 
        legally protected against discrimination.

SEC. 3. CALCULATIONS OF DAMAGES.

    (a) In General.--Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no 
court of the United States may award damages to a plaintiff in a civil 
action using a calculation for the projected future earning potential 
of that plaintiff that takes into account the actual or perceived race, 
ethnicity, or sex (including gender, gender identity, sexual 
orientation, and sex characteristics including intersex traits).
    (b) Rule of Construction.--Nothing in this section shall be 
construed to deny a court from ordering damages based on the fact that 
the plaintiff is a member of a protected class or for the purposes of 
Federal civil rights laws.

SEC. 4. INCLUSIVE FUTURE EARNINGS TABLES.

    Not later than 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act--
            (1) the Secretary of Labor shall develop guidance for 
        forensic economists to develop inclusive future earnings tables 
        that do not rely on race, ethnicity, gender, or actual or 
        perceived sexual orientation; and
            (2) the Secretary of Labor and the Attorney General shall 
        develop guidance for States on how to make calculations of 
        future earnings in State tort proceedings free of bias on the 
        basis of actual or perceived race, ethnicity, and sex 
        (including gender, gender identity, sexual orientation, and sex 
        characteristics including intersex traits).

SEC. 5. STUDY AND REPORT.

    (a) Judicial Conference of the United States.--
            (1) In general.--Not later than 1 year after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Judicial Conference of the United 
        States shall conduct a study on--
                    (A) damages awarded under Federal law for personal 
                injury; and
                    (B) the aggregate data described in paragraph (1)--
                            (i) by case type, including employment 
                        discrimination and tort damages; and
                            (ii) by protected classes, including actual 
                        or perceived race, ethnicity, and sex 
                        (including gender, gender identity, sexual 
                        orientation, and sex characteristics including 
                        intersex traits).
            (2) Report.--Not later than 18 months after the date of 
        enactment of this Act, the Judicial Conference of the United 
        States shall submit to Congress a report on the study conducted 
        under paragraph (1).
    (b) Administrative Office of the United States Courts.--Not later 
than 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Administrative 
Office of the United States Courts shall conduct a study and submit to 
Congress recommendations resulting from the study on how to ensure that 
calculations of future earning potential of plaintiffs that take into 
account age and disability without conflicting with Federal equal 
protection laws.

SEC. 6. TRAINING.

    The Federal Judicial Center shall conduct training for Federal 
judges on how to implement this Act, including instructions on how to 
use tables on future earnings in evidence that comply with this Act.
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