Judicial Review Timeline Clarity Act

#3905 | HR Congress #119

Subjects:

Last Action: Referred to the Subcommittee on Water Resources and Environment. (6/13/2025)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Judicial Review Timeline Clarity Act" amends the Federal Water Pollution Control Act to establish clearer guidelines for judicial review of permits related to the discharge of dredged or fill material. Key provisions include:

1. **Statute of Limitations**: Actions seeking judicial review must be filed within 60 days of permit issuance or verification of activity authorization.

2. **Comment Submission Requirement**: Only parties who submitted detailed comments during the public comment period can initiate a judicial review, and their case must relate directly to those comments.

3. **Remedies for Non-Compliance**: If a court finds that the Secretary or state failed to comply with procedural requirements in issuing a permit, it can remand the matter for further proceedings. However, courts are restricted from vacating permits unless they pose an imminent and substantial danger to health or the environment, ensuring that permits remain in effect unless serious risks are identified.

4. **Timeline for Compliance**: Courts must set a deadline, not exceeding 180 days, for the Secretary or state to comply with court orders after remand.

This legislation aims to streamline the judicial review process, enhance accountability, and balance environmental protection with regulatory efficiency.

Possible Impacts

The "Judicial Review Timeline Clarity Act" as outlined in the provided text can affect people in several ways. Here are three specific examples:

1. **Limited Time for Legal Challenge**: The legislation establishes a strict 60-day timeline for individuals or organizations to file a judicial review after the issuance of a permit or verification related to dredged or fill material. This could significantly limit the ability of citizens, environmental groups, or affected communities to challenge permits they believe may harm their local environment or public health. Those who miss this deadline may lose their chance to contest potentially harmful projects.

2. **Requirement to Participate in Public Comment**: The law stipulates that only parties who submitted detailed comments during the public comment period can initiate judicial review. This requirement may disenfranchise individuals or groups who are unaware of the permitting process or unable to participate in the public comment period. As a result, important local voices may be excluded from the judicial review process, potentially allowing harmful activities to proceed without adequate scrutiny.

3. **Judicial Limitations on Remedies**: The bill limits the court's ability to revoke or enjoin permits unless it finds an "imminent and substantial danger" to human health or the environment. This high threshold may make it challenging for communities to halt projects that could have long-term detrimental effects, as courts may be reluctant to intervene unless immediate dangers are demonstrable. Consequently, individuals and communities may feel powerless to stop projects that pose risks, leading to increased frustration and potential harm to their health and environment.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 3905 Introduced in House (IH)]

<DOC>






119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 3905

   To amend the Federal Water Pollution Control Act with respect to 
   judicial review of the issuance of a permit for the discharge of 
           dredged or fill material, and for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             June 11, 2025

 Mr. Burlison introduced the following bill; which was referred to the 
             Committee on Transportation and Infrastructure

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
   To amend the Federal Water Pollution Control Act with respect to 
   judicial review of the issuance of a permit for the discharge of 
           dredged or fill material, and for other purposes.

    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Judicial Review Timeline Clarity 
Act''.

SEC. 2. JUDICIAL REVIEW TIMELINE CLARITY.

    Section 404 of the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (33 U.S.C. 
1344) is amended--
            (1) by redesignating subsection (t) as subsection (u);
            (2) in subsection (u), as so redesignated, by striking 
        ``Nothing in the section'' and inserting ``Savings Provision.--
        Nothing in this section''; and
            (3) by inserting after subsection (s) the following:
    ``(t) Judicial Review.--
            ``(1) Statute of limitations.--Notwithstanding any 
        applicable provision of law relating to statutes of 
        limitations--
                    ``(A) an action seeking judicial review of an 
                individual permit or general permit issued under this 
                section shall be filed not later than the date that is 
                60 days after the date on which the permit was issued; 
                and
                    ``(B) an action seeking judicial review of a 
                verification that an activity involving a discharge of 
                dredged or fill material is authorized by a general 
                permit issued under this section shall be filed not 
                later than the date that is 60 days after the date on 
                which such verification was issued.
            ``(2) Limitation on commencement of certain actions.--
        Notwithstanding any other provision of law, no action described 
        in paragraph (1) may be commenced unless the action--
                    ``(A) is filed by a party that submitted a 
                comment--
                            ``(i) during the public comment period for 
                        the administrative proceedings related to the 
                        applicable action described in such paragraph; 
                        and
                            ``(ii) which was sufficiently detailed to 
                        put the Secretary or the State, as applicable, 
                        on notice of the issue upon which the party 
                        seeks judicial review; and
                    ``(B) is related to such comment.
            ``(3) Remedy.--If a court determines that the Secretary or 
        the State, as applicable, did not comply with the requirements 
        of this section in issuing an individual or general permit 
        under this section, or in verifying that an activity involving 
        a discharge of dredged or fill material is authorized by a 
        general permit issued under this section, as applicable--
                    ``(A) the court shall remand the matter to the 
                Secretary or the State, as applicable, for further 
                proceedings consistent with the determination of the 
                court;
                    ``(B) with respect to a determination regarding the 
                issuance of an individual or general permit under this 
                section, the court may not vacate, revoke, enjoin, or 
                otherwise limit the permit, unless the court finds that 
                activities authorized under the permit would present an 
                imminent and substantial danger to human health or the 
                environment for which there is no other equitable 
                remedy available under the law; and
                    ``(C) with respect to a determination regarding a 
                verification that an activity involving a discharge of 
                dredged or fill material is authorized by a general 
                permit issued under this section, the court may not 
                enjoin or otherwise limit the discharge unless the 
                court finds that the activity would present an imminent 
                and substantial danger to human health or the 
                environment for which there is no other equitable 
                remedy available under the law.
            ``(4) Timeline to act on court order.--If a court remands a 
        matter under paragraph (2), the court shall set and enforce a 
        reasonable schedule and deadline, which may not exceed 180 days 
        from the date on which the court remands such matter, except as 
        otherwise required by law, for the Secretary or the State, as 
        applicable, to take such actions as the court may order.''.
                                 <all>