Bank Failure Prevention Act of 2025

#1900 | HR Congress #119

Last Action: Placed on the Union Calendar, Calendar No. 101. (6/4/2025)

Bill Text Source: Congress.gov

Summary and Impacts
Original Text

Bill Summary

The "Bank Failure Prevention Act of 2025" aims to streamline the application process for acquisitions involving bank holding companies, savings and loan holding companies, and insured depository institutions. It modifies existing laws to establish clear timelines and procedures for determining when an application is considered complete.

Key provisions include:

1. **Timeline for Completeness**: Regulatory bodies are required to notify applicants within 30 days of receiving an application whether it is complete or if additional information is needed. This period can be extended by an additional 30 days for complex applications.

2. **Deeming of Completeness**: If an applicant responds to a request for additional information, the application will be deemed complete unless the regulatory body finds the response materially deficient and notifies the applicant within 30 days.

3. **Deadlines for Decisions**: Regulatory bodies must grant or deny applications within 90 days of submission. If they fail to do so, the application is automatically deemed granted. Extensions may be allowed at the applicant's request, but not beyond 30 days past the original deadline.

4. **Focus on Applicant Information**: The regulatory bodies can only assess the completeness of an application based on information provided by the applicant and cannot rely on third-party information.

Overall, the Act seeks to enhance efficiency and clarity in the regulatory approval process for banking acquisitions, which could help prevent bank failures by facilitating timely decision-making.

Possible Impacts

The "Bank Failure Prevention Act of 2025" could affect people in several significant ways:

1. **Streamlined Approval Process for Bank Applications**: By establishing clear timelines for the approval or denial of applications related to bank holding companies and other financial institutions, the legislation aims to reduce uncertainty for applicants. This could benefit businesses and individuals seeking to establish or acquire financial institutions, as they would receive timely feedback on their applications, potentially allowing for quicker business decisions and planning.

2. **Transparency in Application Requirements**: The requirement for the Board to provide detailed notices regarding any deficiencies in an application within 30 days encourages transparency. This would help applicants understand exactly what information is needed to complete their applications. As a result, applicants can address issues more efficiently, reducing delays and misunderstandings that could hinder their business operations.

3. **Protection Against Indefinite Delays**: The provisions that deem an application granted if the Board fails to act within the specified time frame empower applicants by preventing indefinite delays in the decision-making process. This could provide a sense of security for stakeholders, including employees, customers, and shareholders, as they would not be left in limbo regarding the future of the institution or the potential acquisition of a bank. This aspect of the legislation could lead to increased confidence in the banking system and its regulatory processes.

[Congressional Bills 119th Congress]
[From the U.S. Government Publishing Office]
[H.R. 1900 Reported in House (RH)]

<DOC>





                                                 Union Calendar No. 101
119th CONGRESS
  1st Session
                                H. R. 1900

                          [Report No. 119-132]

     To specify when the record is complete on certain acquisition 
 applications related to depository institution holding companies, and 
                          for other purposes.


_______________________________________________________________________


                    IN THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES

                             March 6, 2025

  Mr. Barr (for himself and Mr. Fitzgerald) introduced the following 
    bill; which was referred to the Committee on Financial Services

                              June 4, 2025

            Additional sponsors: Mr. Meuser and Mr. Sessions

                              June 4, 2025

  Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
       House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed
 [Strike out all after the enacting clause and insert the part printed 
                               in italic]
 [For text of introduced bill, see copy of bill as introduced on March 
                                6, 2025]


_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL


 
     To specify when the record is complete on certain acquisition 
 applications related to depository institution holding companies, and 
                          for other purposes.


 


    Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the 
United States of America in Congress assembled,

SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE.

    This Act may be cited as the ``Bank Failure Prevention Act of 
2025''.

SEC. 2. COMPLETE RECORD ON AN APPLICATION.

    (a) Bank Holding Companies.--Section 3(b)(1) of the Bank Holding 
Company Act of 1956 (12 U.S.C. 1842(b)(1)) is amended--
            (1) by striking ``Upon receiving'' and inserting the 
        following:
            ``(A) In general.--Upon receiving'';
            (2) by striking ``required'' and inserting ``acquired'';
            (3) by striking ``In the event of the failure of the Board 
        to act on any application for approval under this section 
        within the ninety-one-day period which begins on the date of 
        submission to the Board of the complete record on that 
        application, the application shall be deemed to have been 
        granted.''; and
            (4) by adding at the end the following:
            ``(B) Complete record on an application.--
                    ``(i) Notice to applicant.--Not later than 30 days 
                after the date on which the Board receives an 
                application for approval under this section, the Board 
                shall transmit to the applicant a letter that either--
                            ``(I) confirms the record on the 
                        application is complete; or
                            ``(II) details all additional information 
                        that is required for the record on that 
                        application to be complete.
                    ``(ii) Extension of notice.--Notwithstanding clause 
                (i), the Board may, if an application is complex, 
                extend the 30-day period described under clause (i) for 
                an additional 30 days.
                    ``(iii) Receipt of response; deeming of complete 
                record.--Upon receipt of a response from an applicant 
                to a notice requesting additional information described 
                under clause (i)(II), the record on the application 
                shall be deemed complete unless the Board--
                            ``(I) determines that the applicant's 
                        response was materially deficient; and
                            ``(II) not later than 30 days after the 
                        date on which the Board received the response, 
                        provides the applicant a detailed notice 
                        describing the deficiencies.
                    ``(iv) Treatment of third-party information.--In 
                determining whether the record on an application is 
                complete, the Board may take into account only 
                information provided by the applicant, and may not base 
                the determination of completeness on any information 
                (including reports, views, or recommendations) provided 
                by third parties.
            ``(C) Deadline for determination.--
                    ``(i) In general.--Notwithstanding subparagraphs 
                (A) and (B), the Board shall grant or deny an 
                application submitted under this section not later than 
                90 days after the date on which the application was 
                initially submitted to the Board, regardless of whether 
                the record on such initial application was complete.
                    ``(ii) Failure to make a determination.--If the 
                Board does not grant or deny an application within the 
                time period described under clause (i), such 
                application shall be deemed to have been granted.
                    ``(iii) Tolling of period.--The Board may at any 
                time extend the deadline described under clause (i) at 
                the request of the applicant, but may not extend the 
                deadline more than 30 days past the deadline described 
                under clause (i).''.
    (b) Savings and Loan Holding Companies.--Section 10(e) of the Home 
Owners' Loan Act (12 U.S.C. 1467a(e)) is amended--
            (1) in paragraph (2), by striking ``, and shall render a 
        decision within 90 days after submission to the Board of the 
        complete record on the application'';
            (2) by redesignating paragraph (7) as paragraph (9); and
            (3) by inserting after paragraph (6) the following:
            ``(7) Complete record on an application.--
                    ``(A) Notice to applicant.--Not later than 30 days 
                after the date on which the Board receives an 
                application for approval under this subsection, the 
                Board shall transmit to the applicant a letter that 
                either--
                            ``(i) confirms the record on the 
                        application is complete; or
                            ``(ii) details all additional information 
                        that is required for the record on that 
                        application to be complete.
                    ``(B) Extension of notice.--Notwithstanding 
                subparagraph (A), the Board may, if an application is 
                complex, extend the 30-day period described under 
                subparagraph (A) for an additional 30 days.
                    ``(C) Receipt of response; deeming of complete 
                record.--Upon receipt of a response from an applicant 
                to a notice requesting additional information described 
                under subparagraph (A)(ii), the record on the 
                application shall be deemed complete unless the Board--
                            ``(i) determines that the applicant's 
                        response was materially deficient; and
                            ``(ii) not later than 30 days after the 
                        date on which the Board received the response, 
                        provides the applicant a detailed notice 
                        describing the deficiencies.
                    ``(D) Treatment of third-party information.--In 
                determining whether the record on an application is 
                complete, the Board may take into account only 
                information provided by the applicant, and may not base 
                the determination of completeness on any information 
                (including reports, views, or recommendations) provided 
                by third parties.
            ``(8) Deadline for determination.--
                    ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other 
                provision of this subsection, the Board shall grant or 
                deny an application submitted under this subsection not 
                later than 90 days after the date on which the 
                application was initially submitted to the Board, 
                regardless of whether the record on such initial 
                application was complete.
                    ``(B) Failure to make a determination.--If the 
                Board does not grant or deny an application within the 
                time period described under subparagraph (A), such 
                application shall be deemed to have been granted.
                    ``(C) Tolling of period.--The Board may at any time 
                extend the deadline described under subparagraph (A) at 
                the request of the applicant, but may not extend the 
                deadline more than 30 days past the deadline described 
                under subparagraph (A).''.
    (c) Insured Depository Institutions.--Section 18(c) of the Federal 
Deposit Insurance Act (12 U.S.C. 1828(c)) is amended by adding at the 
end the following:
    ``(14) Complete Record on an Application.--
            ``(A) Notice to applicant.--Not later than 30 days after 
        the date on which the responsible agency receives a merger 
        application for approval under this subsection, the responsible 
        agency shall transmit to the applicant a letter that either--
                    ``(i) confirms the record on the application is 
                complete; or
                    ``(ii) details all additional information that is 
                required for the record on that application to be 
                complete.
            ``(B) Extension of notice.--Notwithstanding subparagraph 
        (A), the responsible agency may, if an application is unusually 
        complex, extend the 30-day period described under subparagraph 
        (A) for an additional 30 days.
            ``(C) Receipt of response; deeming of complete record.--
        Upon receipt of a response from an applicant to a notice 
        requesting additional information described under subparagraph 
        (A)(ii), the record on the application shall be deemed complete 
        unless the responsible agency--
                    ``(i) determines that the applicant's response was 
                materially deficient; and
                    ``(ii) not later than 30 days after the date on 
                which the responsible agency received the response, 
                provides the applicant a detailed notice describing the 
                deficiencies.
            ``(D) Treatment of third-party information.--In determining 
        whether the record on an application is complete, the 
        responsible agency may take into account only information 
        provided by the applicant, and may not base the determination 
        of completeness on any information (including reports, views, 
        or recommendations) provided by third parties.
    ``(15) Deadline for Determination.--
            ``(A) In general.--Notwithstanding any other provision of 
        this subsection, the responsible agency shall grant or deny a 
        merger application submitted under this subsection not later 
        than 90 days after the date on which the application was 
        initially submitted to the responsible agency, regardless of 
        whether the record on such initial application was complete.
            ``(B) Failure to make a determination.--If the responsible 
        agency does not grant or deny an application within the time 
        period described under subparagraph (A), such application shall 
        be deemed to have been granted.
            ``(C) Tolling of period.--The responsible agency may at any 
        time extend the deadline described under subparagraph (A) at 
        the request of the applicant, but may not extend the deadline 
        more than 30 days past the deadline described under 
        subparagraph (A).''.
                                                 Union Calendar No. 101

119th CONGRESS

  1st Session

                               H. R. 1900

                          [Report No. 119-132]

_______________________________________________________________________

                                 A BILL

     To specify when the record is complete on certain acquisition 
 applications related to depository institution holding companies, and 
                          for other purposes.

_______________________________________________________________________

                              June 4, 2025

  Reported with an amendment, committed to the Committee of the Whole 
       House on the State of the Union, and ordered to be printed